September 2025 Small Grains Summary and Stocks Report
The USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) released their September 30, 2024 Small Grains Summary along with updated stock reports.
Barley production was estimated at 141 million bushels, down 2 percent from the 2024 total of 144 million bushels. The average yield, at a record high 80.0 bushels per acre, was up 3.4 bushels from the previous year. Producers seeded a record low 2.30 million acres in 2025, down 3 percent from 2024. Harvested area, at 1.76 million acres, was down 7 percent from 2024.
Record low planted acres were estimated in California, Colorado, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Record high yields were estimated in Delaware, Idaho, Maryland, North Dakota, and Wyoming.
Six percent of the Nation’s barley acreage was planted by April 6, one percentage point ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, barley producers seeded 26 percent of the Nation’s acreage by April 20, four percentage points ahead of the previous year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By April 20, emergence was evident in 3 percent of the Nation’s barley acreage, one percentage point ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Nationally, 82 percent of the barley acreage was sown by May 25, five percentage points behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-eight percent of the barley acreage had emerged by May 25, two percentage points behind the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Heading of the Nation’s barley acreage advanced to 35 percent complete by June 29, one percentage point ahead of the previous year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By July 27, barley producers had harvested 1 percent of the Nation’s acreage, 1 percentage point behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 42 percent of the barley acreage was reported in good to excellent condition on August 3, thirty percentage points below the same time in 2024. By September 14, ninety-five percent of the barley acreage was harvested, 2 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average.
Barley stocks in all positions on September 1, 2025 totaled 150 million bushels, down 3 percent from September 1, 2024. On-farm stocks are estimated at 96.0 million bushels, 6 percent above a year ago. Off-farm stocks, at 54.0 million bushels, are 15 percent below September 2024. The June - August 2025 indicated disappearance is 60.3 million bushels, 12 percent below the same period a year earlier.
You can access the September 30, 2025 USDA NASS Report; along with other historical acreage, production, and stock reports, from the AMBA website.
You can find additional barley data at the NASS website.
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